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Cryogenics and Fluids Branch

Selected GSFC ADR References

Some references are linked to their abstracts.

Multi-Stage ADR References

• "Progress on a 4 K to 10 K Continuously Operating Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator" M. DiPirro, J. Tuttle, M.Jackson, E. Canavan, B. Warner, and P. Shirron, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering: Transactions of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference - CEC, Vol. 51A, pp. 969-976 (2006).
• "Current status of ADR development at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and future applications", Michael DiPirro and Peter Shirron, [to be published in SPIE 2004]
• "ADR Configurations and Optimization for Cryocooler-Based Operation" Shirron, P.J., DiPirro, M.J., Tuttle, J.G., and Canavan, E.R., Proceedings of International Cryocooler Conference (ICC) 13, March, 2004.
• "A Portable Cryogen-Free Ultra-Low Temperature Cooling System Using a Continuous ADR" P.J. Shirron, M.J. DiPirro, M. Jirmanus, Z. Zhao, and B. Shields, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering: Transactions of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference - CEC, Vol. 49, pp. 1746-1753 (2004).
• "Continuous cooling from 10 to 4 K using a toroidal ADR" Michael DiPirro, Edgar Canavan, Peter Shirron, and James Tuttle, Pages 559-564
  Cryogenics, Volume 44, Issues 6-8 (June - August 2004)
  [2003 Space Cryogenics Workshop, Edited by M. Larson and W. A. Holmes]
• "Development of a cryogen-free continuous ADR for the constellation-X mission" Peter Shirron, Ed Canavan, Michael DiPirro, John Francis, Michael Jackson, James Tuttle, Todd King, and Matt Grabowski, Pages 581-588
  Cryogenics, Volume 44, Issues 6-8 (June - August 2004)
  [2003 Space Cryogenics Workshop, Edited by M. Larson and W. A. Holmes]
• "A compact, continuous adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator with high heat sink temperature," Shirron, P.J., Canavan, E.R., DiPirro, M.J., Jackson, M., and Tuttle J.G., Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 520 (2004) 647-649.
• "A Continuous Low-Temperature Magnetic Refrigerator", Low Temperature Detectors, Shirron P.J., Canavan E.R., DiPirro M.J., Jackson M., Panek J., and Tuttle J.G., AIP Conference Proceedings Vol. 605, eds. F.S. Porter, D. McCammon, M. Galeazzi, and C.K. Stahle, p. 379 (2002).
• "Rare-Earth Garnets and Perovskites for Space-Based ADR Cooling at High T and Low H", King T.T., Rowlett B.A., Ramirez R.A., Shirron P.J., Canavan E.R., DiPirro M.J., Panek J.S., Tuttle J.G., Shull R.D., Fry R.A., Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Proceedings of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference - CEC, ed. Susan Breon et al., Vol 47 Part B, pp. 1191-1197 (2002).
• "A Compact, High-Performance Continuous Magnetic Refrigerator for Space Missions", Shirron P.J., Canavan E.R., DiPirro M.J., Jackson M., King T.T., Panek J.S., and Tuttle J.G., Cryogenics 41: 789-795 (2002).
• "A Continuous Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator for Use with Mechanical Coolers", Shirron P.J., Abbondante N., Canavan E.R., DiPirro M.J., Grabowski M., Hirsch M., Jackson M., Panek J., Tuttle J.G., Cryocoolers 11, ed. R. G. Ross, Jr., (Proceedings of the 11th International Cryocooler Conference), p. 587-96 (2001).
• "A Multi-Stage Continuous Duty Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator", P.J. Shirron, E.R. Canavan, M.M. DiPirro, J.G. Tuttle, and C.J. Yeager, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vol. 45 B, pp. 1629-1638, Plenum, NY (2000).

Single Stage ADR References

• "The HAWC and SAFIRE adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators", Jim Tuttle, Peter Shirron, Michael DiPirro, Michael Jackson, Jason Behr, Koji Kamiya, Brent Warner, Evan Kunes, Tom Hait, Cryogenics 41, pp.781-787, (2002).
• "Design of a Spaceworthy Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator", A. T. Serlemitsos, M. SanSebastian and E. Kunes, Cryogenics 32, p.117, (1992).
• "Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator for Space Use", A. T. Serlemitsos, B. A. Warner, S. Castles, S. R. Breon, M. San Sebastian, and T. Hait, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vol. 35B, p. 1431-1437 (Plenum Press, New York, 1990).
• "Design of an Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator for Studies in Astrophysics", S. H. Castles, Refrigeration for Cryogenic Sensors, NASA Conference Publication 2287, 389 (1983).

Heat Switches

• "Design and Test of Passively Operated Heat Switches for 0.2 to 15 K", M.J. DiPirro, P.J. Shirron, J.G. Tuttle, E.R. Canavan, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering: Transactions of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference - CEC, Vol. 49 A, pp. 436 - 442 (2004).
• A High Conductance Detachable Heat Switch for ADRs", C.Y. TAi, Y. Wong, A.J. Rodenbush, C.H. Joshi, P.J. Shirron, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering: Transactions of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference -CEC, Vol. 49 Part A, ed. J. Waynert et al. pp. 443 - 450 (2004, American Institute of Physics).
• "Passive Gas-Gap Heat Switches for Use in Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerators", P.J. Shirron et al., Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Proceedeings of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference - CEC, ed. Susan Breon et al., Vo. 47 B, pp. 1175 - 1182 (2002).
• "A Magnetoresistive Heat Switch for the Continuous ADR", Canavan E.R., DiPirro M.J., Jackson M., Panek J.S., Shirron P.J., Tuttle J.G., Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Proceedings of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference - CEC, ed. Susan Breon et al., Vol 47 Part B , pp. 1183-1190 (2002).
• "Performance of the XRS ADR Heat Switch", E.R. Canavan, J.G. Tuttle, P.J. Shirron, M.J. DiPirro, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vol 45 A, p. 545 (2000).
• "A Liquid Helium Film Heat Pipe/Heat Switch", M. J. DiPirro, P. J. Shirron, and D. McHugh, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vol. 43, p. 1497 (1998).
• "Getter Pumped Gas Gap Heat Switch", S. H. Castles, NASA Tech Brief, Vol 5, 3, p.359 (1980).

Magnetic Shielding

• "Passive Superconducting Shielding: Experimental Results and Computer Models" B.A. Warner, K. Kamiya, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering: Transactions of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference -CEC, Vol. 49 Part A, ed. J. Waynert et al. pp. 1754 - 1760 (2004, American Institute of Physics).
• "Magnetic Shielding for a Spaceborne Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator (ADR)" Brent A. Warner, Peter J. Shirron, Stephen H. Castles, Aristides T. Serlemitsos, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Vol. 37 Part B, ed. R.W. Fast, pp. 907 - 914 (1992, Plenum Press).

Superconducting Magnets

• "A 10 K magnet for space-flight ADRs" James Tuttle, Shahin Pourrahimi, Peter Shirron, Edgar Canavan, Michael DiPirro, and Sara Riall, Cryogenics, Volume 44, Issues 6-8, Pages 383-388 (June - August 2004) [2003 Space Cryogenics Workshop]

Paramagnetic Cooling Materials

• "Rare-Earth Garnets and Perovskites for Space-Based ADR Cooling at High T and Low H," T. T. King, B. A. Rowlett, R. A. Ramirez, P. J. Shirron, E. R. Canavan, M. J. DiPirro, J. S. Panek, J. G. Tuttle, R. D. Shull, and R. A. Fry, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, Proceedings of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference, Vol. 47 Part B, 1191-1197 (2002).

Suspension Systems

• "A Cryogenic, Insulating Suspension System for the High Resolution Airborne Wideband Camera (HAWC) and Submillimeter And Far Infrared Experiment (SAFIRE) Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerators (ADRs)," G. M. Voellmer, M. L. Jackson, P. J. Shirron, J. G. Tuttle, Proceedings of the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE), 4850, 1070 (2003).

Related Information Sources

• For related references, see X_Ray Spectrometers References, or.
• Lists of our other publications
• Bibliographic Information on Advances in Cryogenic Engineering
• Bibliographic Information on proceedings of the Space Cryogenics Workshop

• ADR Page
• Cryogenics & Fluids Home Page

Curator: Brent Warner NASA Official: Susan R. Breon Last Updated: September 2, 2004